![]() Ethanol and its metabolites have been found to cause issues with the natural physiologic equilibrium of the human body causing many well-known hangover symptoms 2. The pathophysiologic effects on the human body are numerous and still not completely understood. Hangovers are a nation-wide problem manifesting in an array of negative outcomes affecting society. ![]() “The alcohol hangover refers to the combination of mental and physical symptoms, experienced the day after a single episode of heavy drinking, starting when blood alcohol concentration approaches zero” 1. Although no difference was found in the general hangover scale scores, the study was suggestive of gender specific susceptibility with female participants having improved hangover symptoms after NAC use. However, a significant difference was found in the general distribution of total hangover difference scores based on gender ( P = .04) (Female − 3.5 Male 2), specifically for nausea ( P = .05) and weakness ( P = .03). There was also no significant difference found in the general distribution of specific hangover symptoms. No significant difference was found in the general distribution of total hangover scores ( P = .45) (NAC = 10 Placebo = 13). Data was analyzed by self-control, comparing the participant’s hangover symptom severity when using NAC compared to placebo. ![]() The morning after the participant’s intoxication and treatment, a Hangover Symptom Scale Questionnaire was administered to determine subjective changes in hangover symptoms. Opposing treatments were administered during the second encounter. The participants met on two separate occasions at which time they were given either NAC or placebo capsules. This was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled crossover study involving 49 volunteers who consumed beer to obtain a breath alcohol content (BrAC) of 0.1 g/210L. ![]() The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a low dose (600–1800 mg) of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) vs placebo on mitigating hangover symptoms. Hangovers resulting from alcohol intoxication can lead to adverse effects ranging from generalized discomfort and work-related absenteeism to emergency department visits from patients seeking symptomatic care.
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